ABSTRACT
Objective: This study is aimed to evaluate the correlation of raised levels of Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [Non-HDL-C] in Type 2 Diabetic patients
Study design: Cross sectional study
Place and duration of study: Department of Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology, PNS SHIFA hospitalKarachi, from 20.5.2014 to 20.11.2014
Materials and Methods: Diabetic patients between 30-70 years age, of either gender and having diabetes for more than five years were included in the study. Patients with co-existing Hypothyroidism, Chronic renal failure, Nephrotic syndrome, Familial hypercholesterolaemic syndromes, already on lipid lowering drugs, anti-hypertensive drugs, using beta blockers or thiazide diuretics, obese patients with BMI greater than 30 and those using alcohol were excluded. Blood samples after overnight 10 hours fasting were taken for fasting plasma glucose, serum total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol
Results: The average age of the patients was 48.75 +/- 11.02 years. Out of 232 patients, there were 124[53.45%] males and 108[46.55%] females. Raised levels of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [>3.33 mmol/L] in type 2diabetic patients was observed in 80.6% [187/232] cases
Conclusion: Raised level of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetes mellitus patients is reasonably high. Appropriate therapeutic interventions should be carried out on basis of simple test such as non-HDL-C in type2 diabetics to avoid risk of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal disease complications, thereby reducing mortality and morbidity in these patients
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of nasal polyps associated with chronic sinusitis in polypectomy specimens
Materials and Methods: A total of 78 cases clinically presenting with signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps were studied over a period of 2 years
Results: Out of 78 cases 57 were non-neoplastic and 21 were neoplastic polyps, out of these only two cases were malignant. Non neoplastic polyps were bilateral in 37 cases and unilateral in 30. Majority among non neoplastic category were of inflammatory polyps [53.73%]. Other types included allergic 26.86%, fungal infection with polyp 14.92% and lymphocytic category 4.47%. Majority of the cases that is 93.58%, including all types of polyps presented with nasal obstruction and signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis
Conclusion: Nasal polyps with chronic sinusitis diagnosed clinically are not always non-neoplastic in nature. Hence, histopathological evaluation in all such cases is essential to diagnose both benign and malignant masses